Unlocking Government Secrets: Understanding the Right To Information Act 2005

In the realm of governance, information is power. Recognizing this, the Right To Information (RTI) Act 2005 stands as a groundbreaking legislation, providing citizens with the authority to seek and receive information from government authorities. Let's delve into the key features of this transformative act and its role in fostering transparency and accountability within public authorities.

1. Background and Evolution: The RTI Act 2005 replaced the Freedom of Information Act 2002, aiming to empower citizens in accessing government information. A notable exception is Jammu and Kashmir, which has a distinct RTI Act - RTI 2009. The new act eased restrictions previously imposed by the Official Secrets Act 1923.

2. Three-Tier Structure: The RTI Act establishes a three-tier structure to facilitate the flow of information. This includes the Public Information Officer (PIO), the First Appellate Authority, and the Central Information Commission (CIC). Each level plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth processing of information requests.

• Public Information Officer (PIO): Responsible for providing information expeditiously or within 30 days from the date of receipt by the public authority.
• First Appellate Authority: Acts as the initial point of appeal within 30 days (or 45 days in exceptional cases) from the date of receipt by the public authority.
• Central Information Commission (CIC): Comprising a Chief Information Commissioner and up to 10 Central Information Commissioners, the CIC oversees the implementation of the act.

3. Timeframes and Procedures: The RTI Act outlines specific timeframes for different stages of the information-seeking process. It emphasizes timely responses, with limits of 30 days for the PIO and the First Appellate Authority. Appeals to the CIC must be made within 90 days since the information's stipulated supply period.

4. Proactive Disclosure and Computerization: Apart from being a reactive tool for seeking information, the RTI Act encourages proactive disclosure. Public authorities are required to computerize their records and proactively publish certain categories of information, enhancing accessibility.

5. Applicability and Exclusions: The act is applicable to various bodies, including constitutional bodies at the central and state levels, entities financed by the government, and privatized public utility companies. However, certain bodies like Central Intelligence and Security Agencies are excluded, though the exclusion is not absolute.

6. Central Information Commission: The CIC plays a pivotal role in ensuring the effectiveness of the RTI Act. Comprising a Chief Information Commissioner and Central Information Commissioners, the CIC oversees the implementation of the act, safeguarding the rights of citizens.

7. Section 8 - Exemptions: Section 8 of the RTI Act enumerates information that is exempted from disclosure. Understanding these exemptions is crucial for both applicants and authorities to maintain a balance between transparency and sensitive matters.

In conclusion, the Right To Information Act 2005 has become a powerful tool for citizens to unravel the mysteries of governance, promoting transparency, and holding public authorities accountable. As we navigate the intricate web of governance, the RTI Act serves as a beacon, illuminating the path toward an informed and empowered citizenry.